Mohanty SK, Mazumdar S, Srivastava A, Out-of-pocket Expenditure on Health Care Among Elderly and Non-elderly Households in India, 2014, Social Indicators Research, Vol: 115, No: 3, p1137-1157.

Using the consumption expenditure data from National Sample Survey this study shows that the monthly per capita health spending of elderly households is 3.8 times higher than that of non-elderly households, and the health expenditure is catastrophic for poorer households, casual labourer and households with elderly members.